Showing posts with label Louis Daguerre. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Louis Daguerre. Show all posts
Friday, November 18, 2011
Louis Daguerre Daguerreotype
History and Development of Forensic Science up to the 20th Century
Key People
- Fortunatus Fidelis- first person to practice forensic medicine
- Sir Francis Galton- developed first basic system for classifying fingerprints based on grouping the patterns into arches, loops, and whorls
- Alphonse Bertillion- French criminologist who applied techniques of human body measurement used in anthropological classification to the identification of criminals
- Zacharias Janssen- Dutch lens-maker who invented first compound microscope
- Louis Daguerre- first photograph- "daguerreotype"
Mathieu Orfila- “Father of Toxicology,” wrote Traite des Poisons
- William Talbot- invented the photographic negative
- Henry Goddard- first to trace bullet back to gun successfully
- Cesare Lombroso- said criminals had certain physical features
- Francesco Patrizi- made early type of lie detector that failed

Key Terms
- Forensic medicine- application of medical knowledge to legal questions
- Compound microscope- microscope with more than one lens

- Forensic science- scientific method of collecting and gathering evidence.
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| Mathieu Orfila |
Case Study
France, 1840: A 24-year-old woman named Marie Lafarge was charged with poisoning her husband. She had been seen buying arsenic "to kill her rats" and it was also rumored that she was unhappy with her marriage. Lawyers on both sides were arguing and the methods scientists used to prove that Lafarge had killed her husband kept being doubted or disproved. Both sides agreed to consult Mathieu Orfila, "Father of Toxicology." Orfila took samples from the husband's body and the soil that he was buried in. Orfila found traces of arsenic in the body and proved that it did not come from the surrounding soil, making the jury decide that Lafarge was guilty and she was sentenced to life in jail.
Source; northcrossschoolforensics.wikispaces.com
Honour to Louis Daguerre's 224th birthday By Google Doodle
Google welcomed users with a family photo doodle in honour of Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre's 224th birthday. The French painter and physicist was the inventor of daguerreotype, the first successful form of photography.
Before the daguerreotype, photography required hours of exposure and Louis Daguerre's invention reduced it to 20-30 minutes.
In the daguerreotype process, a technique developed by Daguerre in collaboration with Nicephore Niepce in the 1830s, a silver iodide coated copper plate was exposed to light in a camera and then was fumed with mercury vapour. Then a solution of common salt was applied to form a permanent image. As the daguerreotype grew popular, later improvements shortened the exposure time to forty seconds by 1841.
Daguerre died of a heart attack on July 10, 1851.
The Daguerre Google doodle shows a family of five in a 19th century style family photo, where the 'G' and 'O' of the Google name depict the father and the mother and the remaining three letters the children. The 'Os' are the two daughters and 'E' the son. The 'L' is the lamp. Interestingly the father 'G' bears a resemblance to Daguerre himself.
Google doodles have gained immense popularity over the past few years and the Google team has put out commemorative doodles on events ranging from news events, civic milestones, birthdays, death anniversaries and important dates in history.
Google estimates it has created more than 900 doodles since 1998, with 270 of them running in 2010 and about 200 in 2011.
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